N-Butanol (1-butanol), as a vital organic compound and chemical feedstock, finds extensive and diverse applications across multiple industries including manufacturing, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and energy. Due to its flammability and toxicity, strict adherence to safety protocols is essential during storage to ensure personnel and environmental safety.
Properties of 1-Butanol (CAS 71-36-3)
1-Butanol (n-Butanol) is an important organic compound with the chemical formula C₄H₁₀O, classified as a saturated monohydric alcohol. n-Butanol possesses the following characteristics:
Physical Properties: n-Butanol is a colorless, transparent liquid with an odor similar to alcohol. Its density is 0.81 g/cm³, boiling point is 117.7°C, and melting point is -89.5°C. n-Butanol exhibits good volatility and water solubility. Its molecular structure contains a hydroxyl group (-OH), imparting polarity that allows miscibility with various polar and nonpolar solvents.
Chemical Properties: n-Butanol shares chemical properties with other alcohols, including:
- Oxidation Reactions: Under catalyst or high-temperature conditions, n-butanol can be oxidized to n-butyraldehyde or butyric acid.
- Esterification Reaction: Reacts with acids to form ester compounds, such as butyl acetate when reacting with acetic acid, which is a common solvent.
- Dehydration Reaction: Under acid catalysis, n-butanol undergoes dehydration to produce butene.
- Substitution Reaction: The hydroxyl group can be substituted by halogens or other functional groups.
What are the uses of 1-Butanol (CAS 71-36-3) ?
N-Butanol (1-butanol), as a vital organic compound and chemical feedstock, finds extensive and diverse applications across multiple industries including manufacturing, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and energy. Below are the primary application scenarios and specific uses of n-butanol:
- Plasticizer Production: n-Butanol serves as a key raw material for manufacturing various plasticizers. Through esterification reactions, it forms ester compounds that enhance the flexibility, extensibility, and processability of plastics and rubber.
- Butyraldehyde and Butyric Acid: n-Butanol undergoes oxidation to produce butyraldehyde, which is further oxidized into butyric acid. These compounds are used in food flavorings, coating additives, and other applications.
- Butylamine: Prepared via amination, it serves as a pharmaceutical intermediate or surfactant.
- Butyl Lactate: Obtained by esterification of n-butanol with lactic acid, it finds applications in solvents, fragrances, and pharmaceuticals.
- Oil Extraction: Extracting oils from vegetable oils or animal fats for use in food, cosmetics, and biodiesel production.
- Drug Extraction: Separating active ingredients like antibiotics, hormones, and vitamins to enhance purity.
- Flavor extraction: Deriving flavorings from natural sources for food and cosmetic product aromatization.
- Printing inks: Acting as a solvent to adjust ink viscosity and improve printing quality.
- Coating additives: 1-Butanol (CAS 71-36-3) is used to produce butyl acetate (a primary component of solvent-based coatings), enhancing coating flow, drying speed, and gloss.
- Alkyd Resins: Reacts with polycarboxylic acids to form alkyd resins used in paints, varnishes, and coatings.
- Melamine Resins: Acts as a crosslinking agent to enhance resin heat resistance and chemical resistance, used in tableware and decorative materials.
- Acrylic Resins: Used in water-based coatings to reduce volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions.
- Flavor Carrier: 1-Butanol (CAS 71-36-3) possesses a mild fruity aroma and can be directly incorporated into flavor formulations for banana, cream, whiskey, and other essences.
- Solvent: Dissolves natural or synthetic flavors for uniform dispersion in food products.
- Pharmaceutical Synthesis: Serves as an intermediate or solvent in producing antibiotics, vitamins, hormones, and other pharmaceuticals.
- Biodiesel: Reacts with fatty acids via transesterification to form renewable, low-emission biodiesel.
- Fuel Additive: Increases gasoline octane ratings, improves combustion efficiency, and reduces exhaust pollution.
- Wax Removal Agent: Used in petroleum refining to separate wax components and improve fuel quality.
- Chromatographic Analysis: Serves as mobile or stationary phase in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for separating and analyzing organic compounds.
How to store 1-Butanol (CAS 71-36-3)?
1-Butanol (n-Butanol) shall be packaged in clean, dry rail tank cars or galvanized iron drums, ensuring the packaging containers are strictly sealed.
1-Butanol shall be stored in a dry, well-ventilated warehouse, away from sources of ignition, flammable materials, oxidizing agents, and acids.
During transportation, regulations for the transport of dangerous goods shall be strictly followed.
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