What is N-Butyl Alcohol (CAS 71-36-3) ?
N-Butyl Alcohol (CAS 71-36-3) is a colorless, transparent liquid organic compound with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O, classified as an alcohol. It possesses a distinctive alcoholic aroma, exhibits a relatively high boiling point, and is partially miscible with water, though it is more readily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and diethyl ether. n-Butanol exhibits relatively active chemical properties, participating in various reactions including esterification, oxidation, and substitution. Industrially, it is typically synthesized from propylene carbonylation or produced via fermentation processes.
Properties of 1-Butanol (CAS 71-36-3)
1-Butanol (n-Butanol) is an important organic compound with the chemical formula C₄H₁₀O, classified as a saturated monohydric alcohol. n-Butanol possesses the following characteristics:
Physical Properties: n-Butanol is a colorless, transparent liquid with an odor similar to alcohol. Its density is 0.81 g/cm³, boiling point is 117.7°C, and melting point is -89.5°C. n-Butanol exhibits good volatility and water solubility. Its molecular structure contains a hydroxyl group (-OH), imparting polarity that allows miscibility with various polar and nonpolar solvents.
Chemical Properties: n-Butanol shares chemical properties with other alcohols, including:
- Oxidation Reactions: Under catalyst or high-temperature conditions, n-butanol can be oxidized to n-butyraldehyde or butyric acid.
- Esterification Reaction: Reacts with acids to form ester compounds, such as butyl acetate when reacting with acetic acid, which is a common solvent.
- Dehydration Reaction: Under acid catalysis, n-butanol undergoes dehydration to produce butene.
- Substitution Reaction: The hydroxyl group can be substituted by halogens or other functional groups.
What are the uses of 1-Butanol (CAS 71-36-3) ?
- Solvent: N-Butyl Alcohol (CAS 71-36-3) serves as an excellent solvent for numerous coatings, inks, and resins, demonstrating exceptional performance particularly in nitrocellulose lacquers and acrylic resins. Its moderate evaporation rate enhances coating leveling and drying properties.
- Chemical Raw Material: As a key chemical intermediate, n-butanol is used to synthesize esters such as butyl acetate and dibutyl phthalate. These products are further utilized in the production of plasticizers, fragrances, and adhesives.
- Fuel Additive: N-Butyl Alcohol serves as a biofuel component blended with gasoline to enhance combustion efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions. It offers high energy density and excellent compatibility with gasoline.
- Other Applications: In pharmaceuticals and pesticides, N-Butyl Alcohol functions as an extraction agent or reaction medium. Within household chemicals, it is utilized in synthesizing fragrance compounds and detergent ingredients.
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